1811

Larde y Larin 1958: "En San Salvador se dio el primer Grito de Independencia de Centro América, el 5 de Noviembre de 1811" (page 20).

1821

September 15: El Salvador declares independence from Spain

1822

Vidal 1970: "Junta Provincial" of El Salvador becomes "Junta de Gobierno" in January 1822. Gives names of members (page 142). Gives number of representatives in the "Congreso Provincial" of El Salvador on December 1822 and describes their vote for annexation to the United States (page 145).

1823

July 1: El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica establish themselves as the United Provinces of Central America

1824

Presidential election (Villacorta)

Vidal 1970: Election for chief and vice chief of Province of El Salvador. Gives name of successful candidates (page 154). The first constituent assembly of El Salvador is also elected to write the first constitution (page 155).

1827

Taplin 1972: Mariano Prado assumes chief authority following the resignation of Villacorta on November 1, 1826 (page 96).

1829

Taplin 1972: Prado resigns as chief of El Salvador, January 22, 1829, José M. Cornejo took office the same day (page 96).

 Vidal 1970: "En 1829 había sido electo Jefe del Estado de El Salvador don José María Cornejo" (page 193).

1832

Taplin 1972: El Salvador secedes from federation on January 7, 1832. Morazán enters San Salvador, deposes Cornejo on April 3, 1832, and sends him to Guatemala under guard. Prado (who had been elected vice-president of the federation on March 27, 1830) resigns his office and reassumes the duties of chief executive of El Salvador (pages 96-97).

1833

Taplin 1972: Joaquin San Martin y Ulloa assumes office when Prado resigns February 9, 1833, is elected to office July 1, 1833 (page 97).

 July 24: Anastasio Aquino is executed for leading Indian revolt

1834

Taplin 1972: San Martín is overthrown June 23, 1834 by federal forces (page 97).

1839

July 8: Presidential election (Morazán / Liberal)

Vidal 1970: "El 8 de julio [de 1839] la Asamblea salvadoreña decretaba que Morazán había sido electo Jefe de Estado, 54 votos sobre 84" (pages 219-220).

1840

Dalton 1963: "(En) 1840 se introdujo en el país el cultivo del café" (page 40).

Munro 1967: "The Liberal party, which had supported Morazán, was driven from power by the intervention of President Carrera of Guatemala in 1840, and for five years the government was under the control of Francisco Malespín, one of Carrera’s friends" (page 101).

1841

Parker 1981: "A new constitution was adopted in February 1841 still providing for existence as a state in a union, though an assembly the month before had called the state the republic of El Salvador. A two-house legislature was to be chosen by democratic processes and presidential elections were to be held every second year; but affairs were not regularized immediately" (page 149).

Taplin 1972: "January 31, 1841. The National Assembly formally declared the separation of El Salvador from the Central American Federation. February 8, 1841. Salvador approved a new constitution; promulgated April 11, 1841. Congress to consist of the House of Representatives, chosen annually; and the Senate, elected one-half every second year; to meet on January 1^st of each year; sessions were limited to 40 days. The President elected for two-year term without the privilege of two terms in succession; must receive an absolute majority of votes, otherwise Congress should choose one of the two candidates having the largest number of votes" (page 99).

1842

Presidential election (Guzmán)

Vidal 1970: On September 20, 1842 the National Assembly announces the election of Juan J. Guzmán as president (page 249).

1844

Presidential election (Malespín / Conservative)

Vidal 1970: Francisco Malespín elected president (page 252).

1845

Munro 1967: "The Liberals were able to return to power in 1845, after a bloody struggle in which Malespín, although now estranged from Carrera, was assisted by the government of Honduras" (page 102).

Taplin 1972: "The legislature convened in Salvador February 15, 1845, declared Malespín’s election void" (page 99). "Vice-president [Guzmán] took executive authority October 25, 1844, ...held power until February 1, 1846, when Malespín’s term would have ended" (page 100).

Vidal 1970: Vice president General Joaquín Guzmán overthrows the government (page 257). "El Congreso decretó nulo la elección de Malespín" (page 258).

1846

February

Vidal 1972: On February 1, 1846 Guzmán transfers the presidency to senator Palacios. "Se encontraba la República en período eleccionario, siendo varios los candidatos que aspiraban a la primera magistratura. No hubo elección popular y las Cámaras eligieron Presidente al doctor don Eugenio Aguilar" (pages 263-264).

March

Vidal 1972: "El 5 de marzo de 1846, al Asamblea decretó que la Comandancia General del Ejército, quedaba a cargo del Presidente de la República, poniendo así término a las escisiones entre ambas Altas Autoridades" (page 267).

1848

Presidential election (Vasconcelos / Liberal)

Larde y Larin 1958: "Su gobierno fue muy ilustrado, pero cometió el funesto error de hacerse reelegir" (page 33).

1850

Presidential election (Vasconcelos)

Taplin 1972: "The constitution was amended to permit his re-election for the 1850-1851 term" (page 100).

Vidal 1972: "En el año 1850 concluía su período presidencial el señor Vasconcelos, el que no podía ser reelecto por prohibirlo la Constitución...Como sus amigos deseaban su continuación en el mando, era preciso reformar la Ley Fundamental. La Cámara acordó lo siguiente: la duración del período sería de dos años, pudiendo ser reelecto el Presidente una vez" (page 272).

1851

Taplin 1972: Vasconcelos "deposed by congress January 12, 1851, and the constitutional article against re-election was revived" (page 100).

Vidal 1972: Vasconcelos removed from office after loss of war with Guatemala, Dueñas assumes power on May 3, 1851 (page 277).

1852

January 26: Presidential election (Dueñas / Conservative)

Munro 1967: "[Liberals] were again driven out in 1852 by Carrera, and four Conservative leaders occupied the presidency for short terms" (page 102).

Vidal 1972: Congress elects Francisco Dueñas president on January 26, 1852 (page 278).

1854

Presidential election (San Martín)

Vidal 1972: Congress declares Coronel José María San Martín president on January 11, 1854 (page 279).

1857

Presidential election (Santín del Castillo)

Vidal 1972: "Al terminar su período presidencial el señor Campo...fue electo por el voto popular para sucederle el ciudadano Miguel Santín del Castillo" (page 295).

1859

Taplin 1972: President overthrown January 19, 1859, by General Gerardo Barrios (page 100). Barrios "obtained from the Legislative Assembly, sitting from January 17 to February 12, 1859, the sanction for his coup d’état, took the executive authority himself, March 9, 1859; also obtained constitutional amendments extending the presidential term from two to six years and that of the deputies from two to four years" (page 101).

Vidal 1970: El Salvador as the last remaining state in the Central American federation declares itself "republica libre, soberana e independiente" on January 25, 1859 (pages 214 and 229).